Spacer for transformer disk coils



w. H. COONEY SPACER. FOR TRANSFORMER DISK GOILS Filed Dec. 31. 1924 W/ '7 HE S Attorna y.

Inventor Wilham Hfieone by Fig.7.

Patented Aug. 11, 192 5.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM H. COONEY, F PITTSFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELEC- TRIO COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

SPACER 10R TRANSFORMER DISK COILS.

I Application filed December 31, 1924. Serial No ?59,211.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. CoonEY, a citizen of the United States, residin at Pittsfield, in the county of Berkshire, tate of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Spacers for Transformer Disk Coils, of which the following is a specification.

Myinvention relates to spacers for transformer disk 'coils.- A transformer winding is with advantage often built up in the form of a stack of series connected annular shaped or disk coils and such coils are commonly separated by radial spacing strips to provide spaces or ducts between the coils for the circulation of an insulating and cooling fluid. The general object of the present invention is to" provide an improved radial .coil spacer having ducts adapted to permit free and efficient circulation of the cooling fluid.

The invention and its advantages will be better understood from the following description taken in connection with the accom 2 panying drawing, in which Fig. l is a View in elevation of atransformer having coil spacers constructed in accordance with the invention, a portion of the transformer being broken away to reveal details; Fig. 2 is a view on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1 and in the direction of the arrows; Fig. 3 is a perspective view of one of the spacing units of Figs. 1 and 2, parts of the unit being sep arated to make its construction more clear;

Fig. 4 is a face view of a modified form of spacing unit; Fig. 5 is an edge view of the spacing unit shown in Fig. 4; Fig; 6 is a view showing another modified form' of spacing unit; and Fig. 7 is an enlarged sectional view on the line 77 of Fig. 4 and in the direction of the arrows.

Like reference characters indicate similar parts in the different figures or the drawing. The transformer shown in Figs. 1 and 2 comprises a three-legged shell type core 10 with windings 11 on the central leg 12. The windings 11 comprise coils of the disk type which may be suitably connected in any desired manner as interleaved primary 6 and secondary coils. The coils are supported and spaced axially around the winding leg 12 of the core by an insulating cylinder 13.

The coils 11 are maintained in spaced relation along the windin leg 12 by radial spacers 14, thus providing spaces or ducts between the coils for the circulation of a suitable cooling fluid in contact with the opposed coil surfaces. In order to show the construction more clearly, the thickness of the radial spacer-s14 isexaggerated somewhat in Fig. 1 as compared with the thickness whieh would ordinarily be desirable for spacing the coils 1]..

In forming the spacers 14 shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, U-shaped spacing units are used, each unit comprising two parallel side members 15 and 16 separated or spaced apart by. a short base member 17 secured between them at one end. These U-shaped units are built up of sheets of suitable insulating material such as pressboard. The thickness of the space between the side members 15 and- 16 isthe same as that of a coil 11 which it is to receive and this thickness is determined by the thickness of the base member 17. The U-shaped spacing unit is thus adapted to fit over the two faces and one edge, preferably the inner edge, of a coil and the side members 15 and 16 are preferably of such length that their free-ends extend as far as or slightly beyond the other edge of the coil as indicated in Figs. 1 and 2. The several layers of insulating material forming a spacing unit are secured together by a short securing strip 18 extending through aligned openings in the layers, the ends; of the securng strip being split and bent over to hold 1t 1n place. Fig. 3 shows this securing strip removed and the layers of the spacing unit separated into three groups to reveal the construction more clearly.

Each coil 11 is provided with a plurality of radially arranged spacing units and the inner edge of each coilis spaced a short distance from the insulating cylinder 13 to accommodate the base members 17 of the spacing units. The spacing units on the several coils are arranged in the same angular positions around the winding leg 12 of the core so that their adjacent side members are in contact one with the other between the ccils as indicated in Fig. 1. Each spacer 14, therefore, consists of one side member of one spacing unit on one coil and the adjacent side member of another spacing unit on the next coil, these two side members being superposed and their combined thickness determining the spacing or separation of the two coils.

Each side member of the U-shaped spac- "ing units is formed with transverse ducts 19 which provide communication between the two sector-shaped spaces at its opposite sides so that the cooling fluid between the coils is not trapped in these spaces or its circulation. obstructed This is of particular advantage in connection with coils which are arranged in. vertical positions about a horizontal winding leg of a core as indicated in Figs. 1. and 2.,

In accordance with. the invention, the transverse ducts 19 in the side members oi the spacing units are formed by notches ex tending in from the edges of the insulating sheets of material of which the side members are built up" Each side member of a spacing unit is substantially rectangular in cross section. Each transverse duct 19 is formed by two transverse notches extending in from two diagonally opposite longitudinal corners of a side member the two notches communicating at their inner ends to form the single duct. The two ends of the duct open at each of the opposite edge surfaces of the side member to provide entrance and exit openings for insulating fluid and they also open at each face surface of the side member so that a coil in contact with either face surface of a side member may be in contact with and may be cooled by the fluid flowing through the duct here two side members are superposed form a single spacer as shown in 1, each of the coils separated. by the spacer is cooled by cent side member Another advantage of this form of transverse duct is none of the layers of material. in the spacer are severed by the duct each layer being continuous piece throughoutl the spacer; The no at the base or closed en of he acer is tl'ierefore suiiicient secure layers to ether:

The c" uctor c the radi spacers appron tely i it angles The notches and. the fore referably disposed at acute to the edges of the spacers with the two of each notch respectively ofl so lei of the spacer that there may be I port for every turn the conductor in coils:

The modified form. of unit shown in l 5 a i '5 is sim' to that already described exec that the two notches forming each terse duct ll cart/end differcnt direc one across the spacer instead of in the sam "il e spacing unit shown in that shown in Figs 1 Q and it once consists only of one side member the i the fluid in the ducts of the adiabase member 17, the second side member of Figs 1., 2 and 3 being omitted. Where this form is used, the se aration or spacing of the coils 11 is equa to the thickness of a single side member of the spacing unit, A single side member therefore constitutes a spacer in this form and the fluid in each duct flows in contact with and cools the adjacent surfaces of both coils separated by the spacer, the fluid first flowing in contact with the surface of one coil and then cross ing over to the other coil before leaving the duct,

The spacers which have been described are adapted to extend between the coils of a transformer winding to provide ventilatin spaces for a suitable cooling fluid. Each side member of a spacer is rectangular in cross section and has transverse ducts extending in a general direction] from one corner of the member to the diagonally opposite corner the ducts opening upon all four faces of the member. The ducts thus furnish entrance and exit paths for a cooling fluid at two opposite faces of the member and bring the cooling fluid flowing in the ducts into contact with a coil surface which may lie against either of the other opposite faces This form of transverse duct has the further advantage that it may be produced without severing any of the layers of material of which the spacer is built up, each layer being in a single piece throughout its length so that the parts of the spacer are not easily displaced What ll claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is:

L A. spacer for transformer coils, said spacer comprising a member adapted to en" tend between two adjacent coils, said mem ber substantially rectangular in cross section and having a transverse duct opening at all four faces of said member.

2: soacer for transformer coils, said spacer comprising a member adapted to em tend between. two adjacent coils said meml f being substantially rectangular in cross on. and having a transverse duct ire-ugh it in a generally diagonal in one longitudinal corner to the op; i'site loi'igitudinal corner:

30 A spacer for transformer Ci'JilS; said spmer being formed of a plurality of lay ers rt of said layers being notched at one face of the spacer and other layers being not bed at the opposite face of the spacer notch communicating with a notch at face of the spacer to form a a duct for cooling fluid a whereof; l have hereunto and this 26th day of Dec 199% iWLllilAl/l UGJUNEYQ lift 

